#22 El argumento del plan Marshall respecto a Alemania es tan conveniente como intrascendente.
https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/GermanEconomicMiracle.html
This account has not mentioned the Marshall Plan. Can’t West Germany’s revival be attributed mainly to that? The answer is no. The reason is simple: Marshall Plan aid to West Germany was not that large. Cumulative aid from the Marshall Plan and other aid programs totaled only $2 billion through October 1954. Even in 1948 and 1949, when aid was at its peak, Marshall Plan aid was less than 5 percent of German national income. Other countries that received substantial Marshall Plan aid exhibited lower growth than Germany.
Moreover, while West Germany was receiving aid, it was also making reparations and restitution payments well in excess of $1 billion. Finally, and most important, the Allies charged the Germans DM7.2 billion annually ($2.4 billion) for their costs of occupying Germany. (Of course, these occupation costs also meant that Germany did not need to pay for its own defense.) Moreover, as economist Tyler Cowen notes, Belgium recovered the fastest from the war and placed a greater reliance on free markets than the other war-torn European countries did, and Belgium’s recovery predated the Marshall Plan.
https://www.marshallfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Marshall_Plan_1947-1997_A_German_View.pdf
So the Marshall Plan aid to Germany, which amounted to about $1.4 billion in the first four years, was not that dramatic in itself. Britain, France and Italy all received a larger slice of the cake
Tampoco se puede atribuir a USA el éxito japonés, por la mera y simple razón que Japón ya se convirtió en una potencia regional mucho antes de la 2GM a partir de la restauración imperial, y de manera totalmente autónoma.
Tener un país exitoso no es tan fácil como sacar la billetera y hundirle a inversiones, si eso fuera cierto África sería ya un paraíso. Un factor fundamental e imprescindible para la prosperidad es una serie de instituciones que, simplemente, no se pueden materializar de la nada con un par de millones de dólares.